![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
Research Papers
Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
Abstract
The B, R, C1, and Pl genes regulating the maize anthocyanin pigment biosynthetic pathway encode tissue-specific transcriptional activators. B and R are functionally duplicate genes that encode proteins with the basic-helix-loop-helix (b-HLH) motif found in Myc proteins. C1 and Pl encode functionally duplicate proteins with homology to the DNA-binding domain of Myb proteins. A member of the b-HLH family (B or R) and a member of the myb family (C1 or Pl) are both required for anthocyanin pigmentation. Transient assays in maize and yeast were used to analyze the functional domains of the B protein and its interaction with C1. The results of these studies demonstrate that the b-HLH domain of B and most of its carboxyl terminus can be deleted with only a partial loss of B-protein function. In contrast, relatively small deletions within the B amino-terminal-coding sequence resulted in no trans-activation. Analysis of fusion constructs encoding the DNA-binding domain of yeast GAL4 and portions of B failed to reveal a transcriptional activation domain in the B protein. However, an amino-terminal domain of B was found to recruit a transcriptional activation domain by an interaction with C1. Formation of this complex resulted in the activation of a synthetic promoter containing GAL4 recognition sites, demonstrating that this interaction does not require the normal target promoters for B and C1. B and C1 fusions with yeast GAL4 DNA-binding and transcriptional activation domains were also found to interact when synthesized and assayed in yeast. The domains responsible for this interaction map to a region that contains the Myb homologous repeats of the C1 protein and to the amino terminus of the B protein, which does not contain the b-HLH motif. These studies suggest that the regulation of the maize anthocyanin pigmentation pathway involves a direct interaction between members of two distinct classes of transcriptional activators.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. Yoshida, R. Iwasaka, T. Kaneko, S. Sato, S. Tabata, and M. Sakuta Functional Differentiation of Lotus japonicus TT2s, R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors Comprising a Multigene Family Plant Cell Physiol., February 1, 2008; 49(2): 157 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Streisfeld and M. D. Rausher Relaxed Constraint and Evolutionary Rate Variation between Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Floral Anthocyanin Regulators in Ipomoea Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2007; 24(12): 2816 - 2826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Hernandez, A. Feller, K. Morohashi, K. Frame, and E. Grotewold The basic helix loop helix domain of maize R links transcriptional regulation and histone modifications by recruitment of an EMSY-related factor PNAS, October 23, 2007; 104(43): 17222 - 17227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I.-C. Jang, S. W. Yang, J.-Y. Yang, and N.-H. Chua Independent and interdependent functions of LAF1 and HFR1 in phytochrome A signaling Genes & Dev., August 15, 2007; 21(16): 2100 - 2111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Shin, A. Y. Burch, K. A. Huppert, S. B. Tiwari, A. S. Murphy, T. J. Guilfoyle, and D. P. Schachtman The Arabidopsis Transcription Factor MYB77 Modulates Auxin Signal Transduction PLANT CELL, August 1, 2007; 19(8): 2440 - 2453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Gross and J. B. Hollick Multiple Trans-Sensing Interactions Affect Meiotically Heritable Epigenetic States at the Maize pl1 Locus Genetics, June 1, 2007; 176(2): 829 - 839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Baumann, M. Perez-Rodriguez, D. Bradley, J. Venail, P. Bailey, H. Jin, R. Koes, K. Roberts, and C. Martin Control of cell and petal morphogenesis by R2R3 MYB transcription factors Development, May 1, 2007; 134(9): 1691 - 1701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. W. Jaffe, A. Tattersall, and B. J. Glover A truncated MYB transcription factor from Antirrhinum majus regulates epidermal cell outgrowth J. Exp. Bot., April 1, 2007; 58(6): 1515 - 1524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Bogs, F. W. Jaffe, A. M. Takos, A. R. Walker, and S. P. Robinson The Grapevine Transcription Factor VvMYBPA1 Regulates Proanthocyanidin Synthesis during Fruit Development Plant Physiology, March 1, 2007; 143(3): 1347 - 1361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Paolocci, M. P. Robbins, L. Madeo, S. Arcioni, S. Martens, and F. Damiani Ectopic Expression of a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Gene Transactivates Parallel Pathways of Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis. Structure, Expression Analysis, and Genetic Control of Leucoanthocyanidin 4-Reductase and Anthocyanidin Reductase Genes in Lotus corniculatus Plant Physiology, January 1, 2007; 143(1): 504 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Feller, J. M. Hernandez, and E. Grotewold An ACT-like Domain Participates in the Dimerization of Several Plant Basic-helix-loop-helix Transcription Factors J. Biol. Chem., September 29, 2006; 281(39): 28964 - 28974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Imai, Y. Hanzawa, M. Komura, K. T. Yamamoto, Y. Komeda, and T. Takahashi The dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis acl5 mutant is suppressed by a mutation in an upstream ORF of a bHLH gene Development, September 15, 2006; 133(18): 3575 - 3585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Quattrocchio, W. Verweij, A. Kroon, C. Spelt, J. Mol, and R. Koes PH4 of Petunia Is an R2R3 MYB Protein That Activates Vacuolar Acidification through Interactions with Basic-Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors of the Anthocyanin Pathway PLANT CELL, May 1, 2006; 18(5): 1274 - 1291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Schwinn, J. Venail, Y. Shang, S. Mackay, V. Alm, E. Butelli, R. Oyama, P. Bailey, K. Davies, and C. Martin A Small Family of MYB-Regulatory Genes Controls Floral Pigmentation Intensity and Patterning in the Genus Antirrhinum PLANT CELL, April 1, 2006; 18(4): 831 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. T. Sweeney, M. J. Thomson, B. E. Pfeil, and S. McCouch Caught Red-Handed: Rc Encodes a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein Conditioning Red Pericarp in Rice PLANT CELL, February 1, 2006; 18(2): 283 - 294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Hollick, J. L. Kermicle, and S. E. Parkinson Rmr6 Maintains Meiotic Inheritance of Paramutant States in Zea mays Genetics, October 1, 2005; 171(2): 725 - 740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-M. Chang, Y. Lu, and M. D. Rausher Neutral Evolution of the Nonbinding Region of the Anthocyanin Regulatory Gene Ipmyb1 in Ipomoea Genetics, August 1, 2005; 170(4): 1967 - 1978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. O. Steffens, C. Galuschka, M. Schindler, L. Bulow, and R. Hehl AthaMap web tools for database-assisted identification of combinatorial cis-regulatory elements and the display of highly conserved transcription factor binding sites in Arabidopsis thaliana Nucleic Acids Res., July 1, 2005; 33(suppl_2): W397 - W402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Swigonova, J. L. Bennetzen, and J. Messing Structure and Evolution of the r/b Chromosomal Regions in Rice, Maize and Sorghum Genetics, February 1, 2005; 169(2): 891 - 906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. P. Colangelo and M. L. Guerinot The Essential Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein FIT1 Is Required for the Iron Deficiency Response PLANT CELL, December 1, 2004; 16(12): 3400 - 3412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Hernandez, G. F. Heine, N. G. Irani, A. Feller, M.-G. Kim, T. Matulnik, V. L. Chandler, and E. Grotewold Different Mechanisms Participate in the R-dependent Activity of the R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor C1 J. Biol. Chem., November 12, 2004; 279(46): 48205 - 48213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Serna A Network of Interacting Factors Triggering Different Cell Fates PLANT CELL, September 1, 2004; 16(9): 2258 - 2263. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Carey, J. T. Strahle, D. A. Selinger, and V. L. Chandler Mutations in the pale aleurone color1 Regulatory Gene of the Zea mays Anthocyanin Pathway Have Distinct Phenotypes Relative to the Functionally Similar TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana PLANT CELL, February 1, 2004; 16(2): 450 - 464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Elomaa, A. Uimari, M. Mehto, V. A. Albert, R. A.E. Laitinen, and T. H. Teeri Activation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae) Suggests Conserved Protein-Protein and Protein-Promoter Interactions between the Anciently Diverged Monocots and Eudicots Plant Physiology, December 1, 2003; 133(4): 1831 - 1842. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Zhu, X.-L. Cai, Z.-Y. Wang, and M.-M. Hong An Interaction between a MYC Protein and an EREBP Protein Is Involved in Transcriptional Regulation of the Rice Wx Gene J. Biol. Chem., November 28, 2003; 278(48): 47803 - 47811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Debeaujon, N. Nesi, P. Perez, M. Devic, O. Grandjean, M. Caboche, and L. Lepiniec Proanthocyanidin-Accumulating Cells in Arabidopsis Testa: Regulation of Differentiation and Role in Seed Development PLANT CELL, November 1, 2003; 15(11): 2514 - 2531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Zhang, A. Gonzalez, M. Zhao, C. T. Payne, and A. Lloyd A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-dependent pathways of Arabidopsis Development, October 15, 2003; 130(20): 4859 - 4869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Heim, M. Jakoby, M. Werber, C. Martin, B. Weisshaar, and P. C. Bailey The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Family in Plants: A Genome-Wide Study of Protein Structure and Functional Diversity Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2003; 20(5): 735 - 747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Spelt, F. Quattrocchio, J. Mol, and R. Koes ANTHOCYANIN1 of Petunia Controls Pigment Synthesis, Vacuolar pH, and Seed Coat Development by Genetically Distinct Mechanisms PLANT CELL, September 1, 2002; 14(9): 2121 - 2135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. A. Smolen, L. Pawlowski, S. E. Wilensky, and J. Bender Dominant Alleles of the Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor ATR2 Activate Stress-Responsive Genes in Arabidopsis Genetics, July 1, 2002; 161(3): 1235 - 1246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Pooma, C. Gersos, and E. Grotewold Transposon Insertions in the Promoter of the Zea mays a1 Gene Differentially Affect Transcription by the Myb Factors P and C1 Genetics, June 1, 2002; 161(2): 793 - 801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Wada, T. Kurata, R. Tominaga, Y. Koshino-Kimura, T. Tachibana, K. Goto, M. D. Marks, Y. Shimura, and K. Okada Role of a positive regulator of root hair development, CAPRICE, in Arabidopsis root epidermal cell differentiation Development, January 12, 2002; 129(23): 5409 - 5419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Li, J. P. Bernot, C. Illingworth, W. Lison, K. M. Bernot, W. B. Eggleston, K. J. Fogle, J. E. DiPaola, J. Kermicle, and M. Alleman Gene Conversion Within Regulatory Sequences Generates Maize r Alleles With Altered Gene Expression Genetics, December 1, 2001; 159(4): 1727 - 1740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Sakamoto, T. Ohmori, K. Kageyama, C. Miyazaki, A. Saito, M. Murata, K. Noda, and M. Maekawa The Purple leaf (Pl) Locus of Rice: the Plw Allele has a Complex Organization and Includes Two Genes Encoding Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Plant Cell Physiol., September 1, 2001; 42(9): 982 - 991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Nesi, C. Jond, I. Debeaujon, M. Caboche, and L. Lepiniec The Arabidopsis TT2 Gene Encodes an R2R3 MYB Domain Protein That Acts as a Key Determinant for Proanthocyanidin Accumulation in Developing Seed PLANT CELL, September 1, 2001; 13(9): 2099 - 2114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Heisler, A Atkinson, Y. Bylstra, R Walsh, and D. Smyth SPATULA, a gene that controls development of carpel margin tissues in Arabidopsis, encodes a bHLH protein Development, January 4, 2001; 128(7): 1089 - 1098. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Sugimoto, S. Takeda, and H. Hirochika MYB-Related Transcription Factor NtMYB2 Induced by Wounding and Elicitors is a Regulator of the Tobacco Retrotransposon Tto1 and Defense-Related Genes PLANT CELL, December 1, 2000; 12(12): 2511 - 2528. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Grotewold, M. B. Sainz, L. Tagliani, J. M. Hernandez, B. Bowen, and V. L. Chandler Identification of the residues in the Myb domain of maize C1 that specify the interaction with the bHLH cofactor R PNAS, November 22, 2000; (2000) 250379897. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. T. Payne, F. Zhang, and A. M. Lloyd GL3 Encodes a bHLH Protein That Regulates Trichome Development in Arabidopsis Through Interaction With GL1 and TTG1 Genetics, November 1, 2000; 156(3): 1349 - 1362. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Dorweiler, C. C. Carey, K. M. Kubo, J. B. Hollick, J. L. Kermicle, and V. L. Chandler mediator of paramutation1 Is Required for Establishment and Maintenance of Paramutation at Multiple Maize Loci PLANT CELL, November 1, 2000; 12(11): 2101 - 2118. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Nesi, I. Debeaujon, C. Jond, G. Pelletier, M. Caboche, and L. Lepiniec The TT8 Gene Encodes a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Domain Protein Required for Expression of DFR and BAN Genes in Arabidopsis Siliques PLANT CELL, October 1, 2000; 12(10): 1863 - 1878. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Spelt, F. Quattrocchio, J. N. M. Mol, and R. Koes anthocyanin1 of Petunia Encodes a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein That Directly Activates Transcription of Structural Anthocyanin Genes PLANT CELL, September 1, 2000; 12(9): 1619 - 1632. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Petroni, E. Cominelli, G. Consonni, G. Gusmaroli, G. Gavazzi, and C. Tonelli The Developmental Expression of the Maize Regulatory Gene Hopi Determines Germination-Dependent Anthocyanin Accumulation Genetics, May 1, 2000; 155(1): 323 - 336. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Hollick, G. I. Patterson, I. M. Asmundsson, and V. L. Chandler Paramutation Alters Regulatory Control of the Maize pl Locus Genetics, April 1, 2000; 154(4): 1827 - 1838. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Quattrocchio, J. Wing, K. van der Woude, E. Souer, N. de Vetten, J. Mol, and R. Koes Molecular Analysis of the anthocyanin2 Gene of Petunia and Its Role in the Evolution of Flower Color PLANT CELL, August 1, 1999; 11(8): 1433 - 1444. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Walker, P. A. Davison, A. C. Bolognesi-Winfield, C. M. James, N. Srinivasan, T. L. Blundell, J. J. Esch, M. D. Marks, and J. C. Gray The TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 Locus, Which Regulates Trichome Differentiation and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, Encodes a WD40 Repeat Protein PLANT CELL, July 1, 1999; 11(7): 1337 - 1350. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. Larkin, J. D. Walker, A. C. Bolognesi-Winfield, J. C. Gray, and A. R. Walker Allele-Specific Interactions Between ttg and gl1 During Trichome Development in Arabidopsis thaliana Genetics, April 1, 1999; 151(4): 1591 - 1604. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T Payne, J Clement, D Arnold, and A Lloyd Heterologous myb genes distinct from GL1 enhance trichome production when overexpressed in Nicotiana tabacum Development, January 2, 1999; 126(4): 671 - 682. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Selinger and V. L. Chandler A Mutation in the pale aleurone color1 Gene Identifies a Novel Regulator of the Maize Anthocyanin Pathway PLANT CELL, January 1, 1999; 11(1): 5 - 14. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Liu, L. Wang, J. L. Kermicle, and S. R. Wessler Molecular Consequences of Ds Insertion Into and Excision From the Helix-Loop-Helix Domain of the Maize R Gene Genetics, December 1, 1998; 150(4): 1639 - 1648. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ohi, A. Feoktistova, S. McCann, V. Valentine, A. T. Look, J. S. Lipsick, and K. L. Gould Myb-Related Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc5p Is Structurally and Functionally Conserved in Eukaryotes Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 1998; 18(7): 4097 - 4108. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. U. Hoeren, R. Dolferus, Y. Wu, W. J. Peacock, and E. S. Dennis Evidence for a Role for AtMYB2 in the Induction of the Arabidopsis Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene (ADH1) Low Oxygen Genetics, June 1, 1998; 149(2): 479 - 490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Louis Lesnick and V. Lynn Chandler Activation of the Maize Anthocyanin Gene a2 Is Mediated by an Element Conserved in Many Anthocyanin Promoters Plant Physiology, June 1, 1998; 117(2): 437 - 445. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Tamagnone, A. Merida, A. Parr, S. Mackay, F. A. Culianez-Macia, K. Roberts, and C. Martin The AmMYB308 and AmMYB330 Transcription Factors from Antirrhinum Regulate Phenylpropanoid and Lignin Biosynthesis in Transgenic Tobacco PLANT CELL, February 1, 1998; 10(2): 135 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Glover, M Perez-Rodriguez, and C Martin Development of several epidermal cell types can be specified by the same MYB-related plant transcription factor Development, January 9, 1998; 125(17): 3497 - 3508. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Williams and E. Grotewold Differences between Plant and Animal Myb Domains Are Fundamental for DNA Binding Activity, and Chimeric Myb Domains Have Novel DNA Binding Specificities J. Biol. Chem., January 3, 1997; 272(1): 563 - 571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Lloyd, M Schena, V Walbot, and R. Davis Epidermal cell fate determination in Arabidopsis: patterns defined by a steroid-inducible regulator Science, October 21, 1994; 266(5184): 436 - 439. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
