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Research Papers
Department of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
Abstract
Tax1 of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a transcriptional activator for viral gene expression and is also a transforming protein through inducing the expression of several cellular genes under the control of mitogenic signals. We identified the CArG boxes as a Tax1-responsive cis-acting element for the cellular immediate early genes c-fos, egr-1, and egr-2. Using a chimeric protein consisting of the CArG-binding factor p67SRF and the heterologous DNA-binding domain of a yeast transcription factor GAL4, we demonstrated that Tax1 activates the transcriptional activity of p67SRF through the GAL4-binding site. The carboxy-terminal half of p67SRF, which lacks domains for DNA-binding, dimerization, and ternary complex formation with p62TCF, was sufficient for the activation by Tax1. Tax1 produced in Escherichia coli bound p67SRF in vitro. The complex formation in vivo was also indicated by the finding that the acidic activation domain of VP16, by fusion to p67SRF, can complement the transcriptional activation function of a mutant Tax1 in trans. Thus, Tax1 activates CArG-mediated transcription without mitogenic signals through interaction with a CArG-binding factor, p67SRF. This must be one of the primary steps by which Tax1 causes aberration in growth control of the infected cells.
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N. S. Belaguli, W. Zhou, T.-H. T. Trinh, M. W. Majesky, and R. J. Schwartz Dominant Negative Murine Serum Response Factor: Alternative Splicing within the Activation Domain Inhibits Transactivation of Serum Response Factor Binding Targets Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 1999; 19(7): 4582 - 4591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. D. Robek and L. Ratner Immortalization of CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocytes by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Mutants Expressed in a Functional Molecular Clone J. Virol., June 1, 1999; 73(6): 4856 - 4865. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. A. Spencer, M. L. Major, and R. P. Misra Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Activates Serum Response Factor Gene Expression by Multiple Distinct Signaling Mechanisms Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 1999; 19(6): 3977 - 3988. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. Hollsberg Mechanisms of T-Cell Activation by Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., June 1, 1999; 63(2): 308 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. G. Blumenthal, G. Aichele, T. Wirth, A. P. Czernilofsky, A. Nordheim, and J. Dittmer Regulation of the Human Interleukin-5 Promoter by Ets Transcription Factors. ETS1 AND ETS2, BUT NOT ELF-1, COOPERATE WITH GATA3 AND HTLV-I TAX1 J. Biol. Chem., April 30, 1999; 274(18): 12910 - 12916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. Dan, A. Tanimura, and M. Yoshida Interaction of Gli2 with CREB Protein on DNA Elements in the Long Terminal Repeat of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Is Responsible for Transcriptional Activation by Tax Protein J. Virol., April 1, 1999; 73(4): 3258 - 3263. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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V. Doucas and R. M. Evans Human T-cell leukemia retrovirus-Tax protein is a repressor of nuclear receptor signaling PNAS, March 16, 1999; 96(6): 2633 - 2638. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. Iwanaga, T. Tsukahara, T. Ohashi, Y. Tanaka, M. Arai, M. Nakamura, K. Ohtani, Y. Koya, M. Kannagi, N. Yamamoto, et al. Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Protein Abrogates Interleukin-2 Dependence in a Mouse T-Cell Line J. Virol., February 1, 1999; 73(2): 1271 - 1277. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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F. Gachon, A. Peleraux, S. Thebault, J. Dick, I. Lemasson, C. Devaux, and J.-M. Mesnard CREB-2, a Cellular CRE-Dependent Transcription Repressor, Functions in Association with Tax as an Activator of the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Promoter J. Virol., October 1, 1998; 72(10): 8332 - 8337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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I. Lemasson, S. Thebault, C. Sardet, C. Devaux, and J.-M. Mesnard Activation of E2F-mediated Transcription by Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type I Tax Protein in a p16INK4A-negative T-cell Line J. Biol. Chem., September 4, 1998; 273(36): 23598 - 23604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. Geleziunas, S. Ferrell, X. Lin, Y. Mu, E. T. Cunningham Jr., M. Grant, M. A. Connelly, J. E. Hambor, K. B. Marcu, and W. C. Greene Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Induction of NF-kappa B Involves Activation of the Ikappa B Kinase alpha (IKKalpha ) and IKKbeta Cellular Kinases Mol. Cell. Biol., September 1, 1998; 18(9): 5157 - 5165. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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Y. Hakata, T. Umemoto, S. Matsushita, and H. Shida Involvement of Human CRM1 (Exportin 1) in the Export and Multimerization of the Rex Protein of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 J. Virol., August 1, 1998; 72(8): 6602 - 6607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. Nicot, F. Tie, and C.-Z. Giam Cytoplasmic Forms of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Induce NF-kappa B Activation J. Virol., August 1, 1998; 72(8): 6777 - 6784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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X. Chen, V. Zachar, C. Chang, P. Ebbesen, and X. Liu Differential Expression of Nur77 Family Members in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Infected Cells: Transactivation of the TR3/nur77 Gene by Tax Protein J. Virol., August 1, 1998; 72(8): 6902 - 6906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Ohtani, A. Tsujimoto, T. Tsukahara, N. Numata, S. Miura, K. Sugamura, and M. Nakamura Molecular Mechanisms of Promoter Regulation of the gp34 Gene That Is Trans-activated by an Oncoprotein Tax of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type I J. Biol. Chem., June 5, 1998; 273(23): 14119 - 14129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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F. Bex, M.-J. Yin, A. Burny, and R. B. Gaynor Differential Transcriptional Activation by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Mutants Is Mediated by Distinct Interactions with CREB Binding Protein and p300 Mol. Cell. Biol., April 1, 1998; 18(4): 2392 - 2405. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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I. Schmitt, O. Rosin, P. Rohwer, M. Gossen, and R. Grassmann Stimulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Activity and G1- to S-Phase Transition in Human Lymphocytes by the Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Tax Protein J. Virol., January 1, 1998; 72(1): 633 - 640. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. Inoue, P. Santiago, W. C. Horne, and R. Baron Identification of an Osteoclast Transcription Factor That Binds to the Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type I-Long Terminal Repeat Enhancer Element J. Biol. Chem., October 3, 1997; 272(40): 25386 - 25393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. Caron, G. Mengus, V. Dubrowskaya, A. Roisin, I. Davidson, and P. Jalinot Human TAFII28 interacts with the human T cell leukemia virus type I Tax transactivator and promotes its transcriptional activity PNAS, April 15, 1997; 94(8): 3662 - 3667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. Dittmer, C. A. Pise-Masison, K. E. Clemens, K.-S. Choi, and J. N. Brady Interaction of Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I Tax, Ets1, and Sp1 in Transactivation of the PTHrP P2 Promoter J. Biol. Chem., February 21, 1997; 272(8): 4953 - 4958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H.-m. Shih, P. S. Goldman, A. J. DeMaggio, S. M. Hollenberg, R. H. Goodman, and M. F. Hoekstra A positive genetic selection for disrupting protein-protein interactions: Identification of CREB mutations that prevent association with the coactivator CBP PNAS, November 26, 1996; 93(24): 13896 - 13901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G. Piras, J. Dittmer, M. F. Radonovich, and J. N. Brady Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type I Tax Protein Transactivates RNA Polymerase III Promoter in Vitro and in Vivo J. Biol. Chem., August 23, 1996; 271(34): 20501 - 20506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. A. Spencer and R. P. Misra Expression of the Serum Response Factor Gene Is Regulated by Serum Response Factor Binding Sites J. Biol. Chem., July 12, 1996; 271(28): 16535 - 16543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. R. Trejo, W. E. Fahl, and L. Ratner c-sis/PDGF-B Promoter Transactivation by the Tax Protein of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 J. Biol. Chem., June 14, 1996; 271(24): 14584 - 14590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S Wagner and M. Green HTLV-I Tax protein stimulation of DNA binding of bZIP proteins by enhancing dimerization Science, October 15, 1993; 262(5132): 395 - 399. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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P. Mora-Garcia and K. M. Sakamoto Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Induces egr-1 Up-regulation through Interaction of Serum Response Element-binding Proteins J. Biol. Chem., July 14, 2000; 275(29): 22418 - 22426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Goto, N. Kato, S. K. Ono-Nita, H. Yoshida, M. Otsuka, Y. Shiratori, and M. Omata Large Isoform of Hepatitis Delta Antigen Activates Serum Response Factor-associated Transcription J. Biol. Chem., November 22, 2000; 275(48): 37311 - 37316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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