QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Weichs an der Glon, C Articles by Proudfoot, N J Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Weichs an der Glon, C Articles by Proudfoot, N J Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Research Papers

Occlusion of the HIV poly(A) site.

Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK.

Abstract

To investigate the selective use of poly(A) sites in the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR) but not the 5' LTR of retroviruses, we have studied the poly(A) site of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Using hybrid HIV/alpha-globin gene constructs, we demonstrate that the HIV poly(A) site is inactive or occluded when adjacent to an active promoter, either the homologous HIV promoter or the alpha-globin gene promoter. Furthermore, this occlusion of the HIV poly(A) site occurs over a considerable distance of up to at least 500 bp. In contrast, two nonretroviral poly(A) sites [alpha-globin and a synthetic poly(A) site] are active when close to a promoter. We also show that a short fragment of approximately 60 nucleotides containing the HIV poly(A) site is fully active when placed at the 3' end of the human alpha-globin gene or within the rabbit beta-globin gene. This result rules out the requirement of more distant upstream elements for the activity of the HIV poly(A) site, as has been suggested for other viral poly(A) sites. Finally, we show that the GT-rich downstream region of the HIV poly(A) site confers poly(A) site occlusion properties on a synthetic poly(A) site. This result focuses attention on this more variable part of a poly(A) site in retroviruses as a possible general signal for poly(A) site occlusion.

CiteULike

Connotea

Del.icio.us

Digg

Reddit

Technorati

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A.-K. Zaiss, S. Son, and L.-J. Chang RNA 3' Readthrough of Oncoretrovirus and Lentivirus: Implications for Vector Safety and Efficacy J. Virol., June 14, 2002; 76(14): 7209 - 7219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-C. Paillart, E. Skripkin, B. Ehresmann, C. Ehresmann, and R. Marquet In Vitro Evidence for a Long Range Pseudoknot in the 5'-Untranslated and Matrix Coding Regions of HIV-1 Genomic RNA J. Biol. Chem., February 15, 2002; 277(8): 5995 - 6004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Furger, J. Monks, and N. J. Proudfoot The Retroviruses Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Adopt Radically Different Strategies To Regulate Promoter-Proximal Polyadenylation J. Virol., December 1, 2001; 75(23): 11735 - 11746. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. T. Das, B. Klaver, and B. Berkhout A Hairpin Structure in the R Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Genome Is Instrumental in Polyadenylation Site Selection J. Virol., January 1, 1999; 73(1): 81 - 91. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M P Ashe, P Griffin, W James, and N J Proudfoot Poly(A) site selection in the HIV-1 provirus: inhibition of promoter-proximal polyadenylation by the downstream major splice donor site. Genes & Dev., December 1, 1995; 9(23): 3008 - 3025. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G M Gilmartin, E S Fleming, J Oetjen, and B R Graveley CPSF recognition of an HIV-1 mRNA 3'-processing enhancer: multiple sequence contacts involved in poly(A) site definition. Genes & Dev., January 1, 1995; 9(1): 72 - 83. [Abstract] [PDF]