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GENES & DEVELOPMENT 18:629-640, 2004
©2004 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; ISSN 0890-9369/ $5.00
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RESEARCH PAPER

Conserved mechanisms across development and tumorigenesis revealed by a mouse development perspective of human cancers

Alvin T. Kho1,5,7, Qing Zhao5,7, Zhaohui Cai1,5, Atul J. Butte1, John Y.H. Kim2, Scott L. Pomeroy2, David H. Rowitch3,5,8 and Isaac S. Kohane1,4,6,9

1 Children's Hospital Informatics Program, 2 Department of Neurology, and Divisions of 3 Newborn Medicine and 4 Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; 5 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; 6 Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA

Identification of common mechanisms underlying organ development and primary tumor formation should yield new insights into tumor biology and facilitate the generation of relevant cancer models. We have developed a novel method to project the gene expression profiles of medulloblastomas (MBs)—human cerebellar tumors—onto a mouse cerebellar development sequence: postnatal days 1-60 (P1-P60). Genomically, human medulloblastomas were closest to mouse P1-P10 cerebella, and normal human cerebella were closest to mouse P30-P60 cerebella. Furthermore, metastatic MBs were highly associated with mouse P5 cerebella, suggesting that a clinically distinct subset of tumors is identifiable by molecular similarity to a precise developmental stage. Genewise, down- and up-regulated MB genes segregate to late and early stages of development, respectively. Comparable results for human lung cancer vis-a-vis the developing mouse lung suggest the generalizability of this multiscalar developmental perspective on tumor biology. Our findings indicate both a recapitulation of tissue-specific developmental programs in diverse solid tumors and the utility of tumor characterization on the developmental time axis for identifying novel aspects of clinical and biological behavior.

[Keywords: cerebellar development; medulloblastoma; comparative genomics; multiscale models; metastasis; principle component analysis]

Received December 30, 2003; revised version accepted February 25, 2004.


Supplemental material is available at http://www.genesdev.org.

Article and publication are at http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gad.1182504.

7 These authors contributed equally to this work.

Corresponding authors.

8 E-MAIL david_rowitch{at}dfci.harvard.edu; FAX (617) 632-4850.

9 E-MAIL isaac_kohane{at}harvard.edu; FAX (617) 730-0253.


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