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REVIEW
Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of Developmental Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
The vertebral column is derived from somites formed by segmentation of presomitic mesoderm, a fundamental process of vertebrate embryogenesis. Models on the mechanism controlling this process date back some three to four decades. Access to understanding the molecular control of somitogenesis has been gained only recently by the discovery of molecular oscillators (segmentation clock) and gradients of signaling molecules, as predicted by early models. The Notch signaling pathway is linked to the oscillator and plays a decisive role in inter- and intrasomitic boundary formation. An Fgf8 signaling gradient is involved in somite size control. And the (canonical) Wnt signaling pathway, driven by Wnt3a, appears to integrate clock and gradient in a global mechanism controlling the segmentation process. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanism controlling somitogenesis.
[Keywords: Somitogenesis; segmentation clock; gradients in segmentation; Wnt signaling; Notch signaling; FGF signaling]
1 Present address: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
2 Corresponding author. E-MAIL herrmann{at}molgen.mpg.de; FAX 49-30-8413-1229.
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