![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RESEARCH PAPER
1 Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada , 2 Department of Embryology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, Maryland 21210, USA
Chromosome condensation plays an essential role in the maintenance of genetic integrity. Using genetic, cell biological, and biochemical approaches, we distinguish two cell-cycle-regulated pathways for chromosome condensation in budding yeast. From G2 to metaphase, we show that the condensation of the 
1-Mb rDNA array is a multistep process, and describe condensin-dependent clustering, alignment, and resolution steps in chromosome folding. We functionally define a further postmetaphase chromosome assembly maturation step that is required for the maintenance of chromosome structural integrity during segregation. This late step in condensation requires the conserved mitotic kinase Ipl1/aurora in addition to condensin, but is independent of cohesin. Consistent with this, the late condensation pathway is initiated during the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, supports de novo condensation in cohesin mutants, and correlates with the Ipl1/aurora-dependent phosphorylation of condensin. These data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of higher-order chromosome folding and suggest that two distinct condensation pathways, one involving cohesins and the other Ipl1/aurora, are required to modulate chromosome structure during mitosis.
[Keywords: Condensin; cohesin; mitotic chromosome structure; SMC proteins; IPL1/Aurora]
Received September 5, 2003; revised version accepted November 18, 2003.
E-MAIL brigitte.lavoie{at}utoronto.ca; FAX (416) 978-6885.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. D'Ambrosio, C. K. Schmidt, Y. Katou, G. Kelly, T. Itoh, K. Shirahige, and F. Uhlmann Identification of cis-acting sites for condensin loading onto budding yeast chromosomes Genes & Dev., August 15, 2008; 22(16): 2215 - 2227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. D. Lavoie pRb and condensin--local control of global chromosome structure Genes & Dev., April 15, 2008; 22(8): 964 - 969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Nakazawa, T. Nakamura, A. Kokubu, M. Ebe, K. Nagao, and M. Yanagida Dissection of the essential steps for condensin accumulation at kinetochores and rDNAs during fission yeast mitosis J. Cell Biol., March 24, 2008; 180(6): 1115 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Takemoto, A. Murayama, M. Katano, T. Urano, K. Furukawa, S. Yokoyama, J. Yanagisawa, F. Hanaoka, and K. Kimura Analysis of the role of Aurora B on the chromosomal targeting of condensin I Nucleic Acids Res., April 1, 2007; 35(7): 2403 - 2412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Lipp, T. Hirota, I. Poser, and J.-M. Peters Aurora B controls the association of condensin I but not condensin II with mitotic chromosomes J. Cell Sci., April 1, 2007; 120(7): 1245 - 1255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. C.J. Vas, C. A. Andrews, K. Kirkland Matesky, and D. J. Clarke In Vivo Analysis of Chromosome Condensation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mol. Biol. Cell, February 1, 2007; 18(2): 557 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. W. Lam, E. A. Peterson, M. Yeung, and B. D. Lavoie Condensin is required for chromosome arm cohesion during mitosis. Genes & Dev., November 1, 2006; 20(21): 2973 - 2984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. S. Maddox, N. Portier, A. Desai, and K. Oegema Molecular analysis of mitotic chromosome condensation using a quantitative time-resolved fluorescence microscopy assay PNAS, October 10, 2006; 103(41): 15097 - 15102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Machin, J. Torres-Rosell, G. De Piccoli, J. A. Carballo, R. S. Cha, A. Jarmuz, and L. Aragon Transcription of ribosomal genes can cause nondisjunction J. Cell Biol., June 19, 2006; 173(6): 893 - 903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. D. Cervantes, R. S. Coyne, X. Xi, and M.-C. Yao The Condensin Complex Is Essential for Amitotic Segregation of Bulk Chromosomes, but Not Nucleoli, in the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2006; 26(12): 4690 - 4700. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Cobbe, E. Savvidou, and M. M. S. Heck Diverse Mitotic and Interphase Functions of Condensins in Drosophila Genetics, February 1, 2006; 172(2): 991 - 1008. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Stray, N. J. Crisona, B. P. Belotserkovskii, J. E. Lindsley, and N. R. Cozzarelli The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Smc2/4 Condensin Compacts DNA into (+) Chiral Structures without Net Supercoiling J. Biol. Chem., October 14, 2005; 280(41): 34723 - 34734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Kapoor, B. D. Lavoie, and L. Frappier EBP2 Plays a Key Role in Epstein-Barr Virus Mitotic Segregation and Is Regulated by Aurora Family Kinases Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2005; 25(12): 4934 - 4945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Losada and T. Hirano Dynamic molecular linkers of the genome: the first decade of SMC proteins Genes & Dev., June 1, 2005; 19(11): 1269 - 1287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. B. Gadea and J. V. Ruderman Aurora Kinase Inhibitor ZM447439 Blocks Chromosome-induced Spindle Assembly, the Completion of Chromosome Condensation, and the Establishment of the Spindle Integrity Checkpoint in Xenopus Egg Extracts Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2005; 16(3): 1305 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Machin, J. Torres-Rosell, A. Jarmuz, and L. Aragon Spindle-independent condensation-mediated segregation of yeast ribosomal DNA in late anaphase J. Cell Biol., January 17, 2005; 168(2): 209 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Hirota, D. Gerlich, B. Koch, J. Ellenberg, and J.-M. Peters Distinct functions of condensin I and II in mitotic chromosome assembly J. Cell Sci., December 15, 2004; 117(26): 6435 - 6445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D'Amours and A. Amon At the interface between signaling and executing anaphase--Cdc14 and the FEAR network Genes & Dev., November 1, 2004; 18(21): 2581 - 2595. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ono, Y. Fang, D. L. Spector, and T. Hirano Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Condensins I and II in Mitotic Chromosome Assembly in Human Cells Mol. Biol. Cell, July 1, 2004; 15(7): 3296 - 3308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
